Patterns

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability

Formulate questions that can be addressed with data and collect, organize, and display relevant data to answer them
Select and use appropriate statistical methods to analyze data
Develop and evaluate inferences and predictions that are based on data
Understand and apply basic concepts of probability

Standard

Students engage in problem solving, communicating, reasoning, connecting, and representing as they:

Describe the characteristics and limitations of a data sample. Identify different ways of selecting a sample, e.g., convenience sampling, responses to a survey, random sampling. (8.D.1)

Select, create, interpret, and utilize various tabular and graphical representations of data, e.g., circle graphs, Venn diagrams, scatterplots, stem-and-leaf plots, box-and-whisker plots, histograms, tables, and charts. Differentiate between continuous and discrete data and ways to represent them.(8.D.2)

Find, describe, and interpret appropriate measures of central tendency (mean, median, and mode) and spread (range) that represent a set of data. Use these notions to compare different sets of data. (8.D.3)

Use tree diagrams, tables, organized lists, basic combinatorics ("fundamental counting principle"), and area models to compute probabilities for simple compound events, e.g., multiple coin tosses or rolls of dice.(8.D.4)

Exploratory Concepts and Skills for Grades 7-8

Data Analysis, Statistics, and Probability

Investigate the notion of fairness in games.
Make predictions, conduct experiments, and discuss discrepancies to develop understanding of actual versus predicted outcomes
Conduct repetitive experiments (e.g., repeated throwing of three or more dice) and compare the outcomes to predicted probabilities


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